Authors/Ockham/Summa Logicae/Book III-2/Chapter 36

Latin	English
CAP. 36. QUOMODO PASSIO EST DEMONSTRABILIS DE SUBIECTO SUO PRIMO MEDIANTE ALIQUA DETERMINATIONE?.	Chapter 36 How is a property demonstrable of its primary subject by means of some determination?
Quamvis autem passio talis non possit demonstrari de subiecto suo primo sine omni additione, specificatione, modificatione vel determinatione, poterit tamen demonstrari de subiecto suo primo mediante aliqua determinatione.	But although such a property cannot be demonstrated about its first subject without any addition, specification, modification or determination, it can nevertheless be demonstrated about its first subject by means of some determination.
Sicut si ‘illuminabile’ sit prima passio lunae, quamvis haec non possit demonstrari ‘luna est illuminabilis’, haec tamen poterit demonstrari ‘si luna sit in tali situ, luna erit actu illuminata a sole’; et arguitur sic ‘quando inter lunam et solem nullum est medium opacum, luna erit illuminata a sole; sed quando luna est in tali situ, nullum erit medium inter lunam et solem; igitur tunc luna erit illuminata’.	For example, if ‘illuminable’ is the first property of the moon, although it cannot be demonstrated that ‘the moon is illuminable’, this can nevertheless be demonstrated: ‘if the moon is in such and such a position, the moon will actually be illuminated by the sun’; and it is argued thus ‘when there is no opaque medium between the moon and the sun, the moon will be illuminated by the sun; but when the moon is in such and such a position, there will be no medium between the moon and the sun; therefore then the moon will be illuminated’.
Et talis demonstratio rectificabitur per illud principium ‘luna est illuminabilis a sole’, quae per solam experientiam sciri potest si ‘illuminabile’ sit passio lunae tamquam primi subiecti.	And such a demonstration will be rectified by that principle ‘the moon is illuminable by the sun’, which can be known through experience alone if ‘illuminable’ is a property of the moon as the first subject.
Et tamen illud principium demonstraƿtionem non intrabit. Et sicut talis passio potest demonstrari de subiecto suo primo cum tali determinatione, ita potest demonstrari de inferioribus ad suum subiectum primum.	And yet that principle will not enter into demonstration. And just as such a property can be demonstrated from its first subject with such determination, so it can be demonstrated from inferiors to its first subject.
Et per consimilem modum contingit demonstrare per omnes causas, secundum quod docet	And in a similar way it is possible to demonstrate through all causes, according to what Aristotle teaches,
Aristoteles, II Posteriorum, et aliqualiter patebit inferius.	Later Works II, and it will be somewhat clear below.