SUPER ARTE VETERI


Here is a list of the questions in Radulphus Brito's book on the Old Logic (Porphyry's Isagoge, the Categories and On Interpretation). It includes links to the digital version - very readable - of an edition by Johannes Rubeus Vercellensis and Albertinus Vercellensis, Venice, published about 1499. The title page reads 'Magistri Rodulphus Britonis super arte veteri'.

I have translated two of the questions on On Interpretation here.

LatinEnglish
3 Title page
5 Introduction
9. Utrum logica sit scientia et arguitur quod non, quia modus sciendi non est scientia Logica est modus sciendi ergo et cetera Whether logic is a science – and it is argued that it is not, because the mode of a science is not a science. Logic is the mode of a science, therefore &c.
12. Utrum logica sit scientia realis vel rationalis et arguitur quod sit scientia realis et non rationalis Whether logic is a science that is real, or rational. And it is argued that it is a real, not a rational science.
15. Utrum sillogismus sit subiectum in logica et arguitur quod non quare nihil unum et idem est subiectum et instrumentum Whether the syllogism is a subject in logic. And it is argued that it is not, because one and the same thing is not both subject and instrument.
17. Consequenter quaeritur specialiter circa librum porphirii. (1) Utrum uniuersale sit subiectum in libro porphirii et arguitur quod non Consequently it is argued specifically concerning the book of Porphyry. (1) whether the universal is a subject in the book of Porphyry. And it is argued that it is not.
20. (2) Utrum uniuersale in communi sit genus ad ista quinque uniuersalia (2) Whether the universal in general is a genus in respect of the five universals.
23. (3) Consequenter quaeritur circa quaestiones quas enumerat porphirius in littera a quibus dicit quod vult se abstinere (3) Consequently we enquire about the questions which Porphyry enumerates in the passage from which he says he will abstain [from answering].
25 (4) Consequenter quaeritur utrum supposito quam uniuersale non habeat esse sine opere intellectus possit quaeri (4) Consequently we enquire whether, given that the universal does not have being sine opere intellectus possit quaeri.
28 (5) Consequenter quaeritur hic circa quaestiones quas enumerat porphirius in littera. Et primo quaeratur, Utrum uniuersale quod est intentio sit in re extra sicut in subiecto vel in intellectu Consequently we enquire here concerning the questions which Porphyry lists out in the passage. And first we ask whether the universal, which is an intention, exists in outside reality, e.g. in the subject, or in the understanding.
30 (6) Consequenter quaeritur. Utrum genera et species sint separata in esse a singularibus Consequently we ask whether genera and species exist separately in being from singulars.
31 (7) Consequenter quaeritur utrum sint tantum 5 praedicabilia nec plura nec pauciora Consequently we ask whether there are only five predicabilia, and not more or less.
33. (8) Consequenter quaeritur circa diffinitionem generis qua dicitur: genus est quod praedicatur de pluribus differentibus specie Consequently we ask whether, concerning the definition of genus according to which it is said that genus is what is predicated of several things, different in species.
36. Consequenter quaeritur. Utrum genus sit principium suarum specierum et arguitur quod non Consequently we ask whether the genus is the principal of its species, and it is argued that it is not.
37. Consequenter quaeritur. quare porphirius dixit quod divisio generis est in plures species modo quaeritur utrum genus possit salvari in unica specie Consequently we ask why Porphyry said that the division of genus into several species is now asked. Whether the genus can be preserved in unique species.
40. Consequenter quaeritur. Utrum species possit salvari in unico individuo et arguitur quod non Consequently we ask whether a species can be preserved in a unique individual, and it is argued that it cannot.
42. Consequenter quaeritur circa capitulum de specie. [...] Utrum species possit praedicari de individuo per se Consequently we enquire about the chapter on species. Whether species can be predicated of an individual per se.
44. Consequenter quaeritur utrum individiduum [sic] praedicetur de uno solo Consequently we ask whether 'individual' may be predicated of one thing alone.
45. Consequenter quaeritur utrum intentio speciei possit praedicari de re dicendo sic homo est species vel utrum sit ista vera homo est species quod idem est Consequently we ask whether the intention of species could be predicated of a thing in saying that a man is a species, or whether it is true that a man is a species, which is the same.
48. Consequenter quaeritur. Utrum haec sit vera aliquis homo est species et videtur quod sic quia illud quod praedicatur de pluribus differentibus numero est species ... Consequently we ask whether it is true that some man is a species, and it seems that it is so, because that which is predicated of several things, different in number, is a species.
50. Consequenter quaeritur. Utrum individuum addat aliquod reale supra speciem Consequently we ask whether an individual may add something real over and above the species.
51. Consequenter quaeritur. quare in ratione precedentis quaestionis sive in solutione eius ponebatur quod illud accidens non erat de significato individui ideo quaeratur Consequently we ask whether in the nature of the preceding question or in the solution given to it, that that accident was not of the significate of the individual, is therefore asked.
54. Consequenter quaeritur quid sit illud reale quod individuum substantie addit supra speciem sive quod sit illud per quod individuum est individuum Consequently we ask what is that real thing which the individual adds over and above the species, or that by which it is individual, is the individual.
56. Consequenter quaeritur. Utrum individuum in suo significato includat aliquod accidens Consequently we ask whether the individual in its significate involves some accident.
57. Consequenter quaeritur utrum ens sit commune univocum ad substantiam et accidens Consequently we ask whether being is common, univocal to substance and accident.
60. Consequenter quaeritur utrum participatione speciei plures homines sint unus homo Consequently we ask whether by participation in a species, several men are a single man.
61. Consequenter quaeritur circa capitulum de differentia et primo quaeratur utrum differentia praedicetur in quale Consequently we enquire about the chapter on differentia, and first we ask whether differentia is predicated qualitatively (in quale).
62. Consequenter quaeratur de diffinitione differentiae qua dicitur differentia est quae praedicatur de pluribus differentibus specie in eo quod quale Consequently we enquire about the definition of the differentia, according to which it is said that differentia is what is predicated of several things different in species, qualitatively (in eo quod quale).
63. Consequenter quaeritur utrum mortale sit differentia. Consequently we ask whether being mortal is a differentia.
64. Consequenter quaeritur circa capitulum de proprio et primo utrum proprium sit praedicabile. Consequently we enquire about the chapter on property, and first [we ask] whether property is a predicable.
67. Consequenter quaeritur utrum proprium sit praedicabile distinctum ab accidente Consequently we ask whether a property is a predicable distinct from an accident.
69. Consequenter quaeritur utrum proprio destructo destruatur subiectum cuius est proprium ... Utrum proprium causetur ex propriis principiis subiecti Consequently we ask whether, with a property destroyed, the subject of which is is a property is destroyed.
70. Consequenter quaeritur utrum proprium causetur ex propriis principiis subiecti Consequently we ask whether a property is caused by the proper principles of the subject.
71. Consequenter quaeritur circa capitulum de accidente et proprio. Utrum accidens sit praedicabile vel universale Consequently we enquire about the chapter on accident and property. Whether an accident is predicable or universal.
72. Consequenter quaeritur utrum diffinitio accidentis qua dicitur accidens est quod adest et abest praeter subiecti corruptionem sit bene data Consequently we ask whether the definition of accident according as it is said that an accident is what is present or absent beyond the destruction of the subject is well given.
74. Consequenter quaeritur utrum de ratione accidentis sit inherere subiecto Consequently we ask whether it is of the logical nature of an accident to inhere in the subject.
77. Circa librum praedicamentorum quaeritur. Et primo quaeratur, Utrum de praedicamentis possit esse scientia We ask about the book of the Categories. And first we ask, whether there can be knowledge of the categories.
78. Consequenter quaeritur utrum scientia de praedicamentis pertineat ad logicum Consequently we ask whether the science of the categories pertains to logic.
80. Consequenter quaeritur de subiecto istius libri praedicamentorum, utrum dicibile incomplexum sit ibi subiectum Consequently we ask of the subject of the book of Categories whether an incomplex predicable is the subject there.
81. Consequenter quaeritur praedicamentum sit ens reale vel rationis Consequently we ask [whether] a category is a real being, or a being of reason.
83. Consequenter quaeritur utrum purus logicus possit distinguere praedicamenta Consequently we ask whether mere logic could distinguish the categories.
85. Consequenter quaeritur. Utrum praedicamentum logicum et metaphysicum sint unum et idem praedicamentum Consequently we ask whether a logical category and a metaphysical category may be one and the same category.
86. Consequenter quaeritur utrum equivocum sit univocum Consequently we ask whether what is equivocal may be univocal.
90. Consequenter quaeritur. Utrum praedicamenta sint tantum decem et nec plura nec pauciora Consequently we ask whether the categories are only ten, and not more or fewer.
93. Consequenter quaeritur circa praedicamentum substantie circa substantiam in communi. Utrum substantia sit unum genus ad substantias materiales et immateriales Consequently we ask concerning the category of substance, concerning substance in general.
95. Consequenter quaeritur utrum substantia quae est genus generalissimum sit simplex vel composita Consequently we ask whether the substance which is the most general genus is simple or composite.
97. Consequenter quaeritur utrum prima substantia sit magis substantia quam secunda Consequently we ask whether primary substance is more substance than secondary substance.
99. Consequenter quaeritur utrum substantia habeat contrarium Consequently we ask whether substance has a contrary.
100. Consequenter quaeritur utrum substantia suscipiat magis et minus Consequently we ask whether substance is susceptible of being more or less.
102. Consequenter quaeritur circa capitulum de quantitate. Et primo quaeratur utrum quantitas sit genus Consequently we enquire about the chapter on quantity. And first we ask whether quantity is a genus.
103. Consequenter quaeritur utrum quantitas sit forma simplex Consequently we ask whether quantity is a simple form.
107. Consequenter quaeritur circa species quantitatis. Et prima circa numerum. Utrum numerus sit quantitas Consequently we enquire about the species of quantity. And first about number: whether number is a quantity.
108. Consequenter quaeritur de subiecto numeri. Utrum subiectum numeri sit in re extra animam vel in anima sicut in subiecto Consequently we enquire on the subject of number. Whether the subject of number is in external reality, or in the soul just as in the subject.
110. Consequenter quaeritur utrum numerus habeat plures species Consequently we ask whether number may have several species.
112. Consequenter quaeritur utrum oratio sit quantitas Consequently we ask whether speech is a quantity.
114. Consequenter quaeritur utrum oratio sit quantitas distincta cum specie et numero velut econuerso Consequently we ask whether speech is a distinct quantity with species and number, just as conversely.
115. Consequenter quaeritur utrum tempus sit quantitas per se Consequently we ask whether time is a quantity per se.
116. Consequenter quaeritur utrum locus sit per se quantitas Consequently we ask whether space is a quantity per se.
118. Consequenter quaeritur circa praedicamentum relationis et primo quaeratur utrum relatio sit ens reale Consequently we enquire about the category of relation, and first we ask whether relation is a real being.
121. Consequenter quaeritur utrum relatio sit substantia vel accidens Consequently we ask whether relation is a substance or an accident.
122. Consequenter quaeritur utrum relatio sit unum genus Consequently we ask whether relation is a single genus.
124. Consequenter quaeritur utrum in relatione sit contrarietas Consequently we ask whether there is contrariety in relation.
125. Consequenter quaeritur quia philosophus dicit destructo scibili destruitur scientia Consequently we ask why the philosopher says that with a thing that is knowable destroyed, the knowledge is destroyed.
129. Consequenter quaeritur utrum relativa sint simul natura Consequently we ask whether relatives are together in nature.
130. Consequenter quaeritur circa capitulum. Et primo circa primam speciem qualitatis utrum habitus et dispositio faciant unam speciem qualitatis Consequently we enquire about the chapter. And first concerning the first species of quality, whether habit and disposition make one species of quality.
131. Consequenter quaeritur utrum naturalis potentia vel impotentia faciant unam speciem qualitatis Consequently we ask whether potence or impotence make a single species of quality.
132. Consequenter quaeritur utrum passio et passibilis qualitas sint in una specie qualitatis Consequently we ask whether affection and the capability of being affected are in a single species of quality.
135. Consequenter quaeritur utrum eadem forma per se et essentialiter possit esse in diversis praedicamentis Consequently we ask whether the same form per se and essentially can be in diverse categories.
135. Consequenter quaeritur utrum qualitas in abstracto suscipiat magis et minus Consequently we ask whether quality in the abstract is susceptible of greater or less.
136. Consequenter quaeritur circa post praedicamenta. Utrum post praedicamenta sint tantum quinque nec plura nec pauciora Consequently we enquire about the post-categories. Whether the post-categories are only five, and not more or fewer.
138. Nunc super peryermenias disputandum consequitur Now it follows we are to discuss the Perihermenias (De Interpretatione)
138. Circa librum peryermenias quaeritur et primo quaeratur. (1) Utrum de enunciatione possit esse scientia We enquire about the Perihermenias. And first we ask (1) whether assertion could be a science.
141. (2) Consequenter quaeritur utrum enunciatio sit subiectum in isto libro Consequently we ask whether assertion is the subject of this book.
142. (3) Consequenter quaeritur quia phylosophus dicit quod voces sunt note passionum quae sunt in anima. Utrum voces significent res vel conceptus rerum Consequently we ask why the philosopher says that utterances are marks of affections which are in the soul. Whether utterances signify things, or the concepts of things.
144. (4) Consequenter quaeritur utrum vox significet idem re existente et non existente Consequently we ask whether an utterance signifies the same with a thing existing, and not existing.
145. (5) Consequenter quaeritur utrum diffinitio nominis sit bene data, scilicet, nomen est vox significativa etc. Consequently we ask whether the definition of 'name' is well given, i.e. 'a name is a significative utterance &c'.
148. Consequenter quaeritur quia phylosophus removet nomen a nomine et quaeratur utrum nomen possit infinitari. Consequently we ask why the philosopher removes the name from the name, and ask whether a name can be infinitised.
149. Consequenter quaeritur utrum terminus infinitus ponat aliquid Consequently we ask whether an infinite term posits something.
151. Consequenter quaeritur circa capitulum de verbo quia phylosophus dicit quod verbum est nota eorum quae de altero praedicantur et quaeratur. Utrum verbum sit praedicatum Consequently we enquire about the chapter on the verb, where the philosopher says that a verb is the mark of thing which are predicated of another. Whether the verb is a predicate.
152. Consequenter quaeritur utrum verbum infinitum manens infinitum possit ingredi enunciationem Consequently we ask whether an infinite verb, remaining infinite, can be admitted into an assertion.
154. (10) Consequenter quaeritur utrum oratio incommuni ad categoricam et hypothecam diffiniatur hic Consequently we ask whether a sentence incommuni to a categorical and a hypothetical proposition is defined here.
155. Consequenter quaeritur utrum enunciatio sit genus ad affirmationem et negationem Consequently we ask whether assertion is genus to affirmation and negation.
159. Consequenter quaeritur utrum signa significent aliquid Consequently we ask whether signs signify something.
160. Consequenter quaeritur utrum signum uniuersale possit addi ad praedicatum Consequently we ask whether a univeral sign could be added to the predicate.
162. Consequenter quaeritur [...] utrum contrariae possint esse simul verae Consequently we ask whether contraries could be true together.
164. Consequenter quaeritur utrum duae contradictorie possint esse simul vere Consequently we ask whether two contradictories could be true together.
168. Consequenter quaeritur utrum omnia futura veniant de necessitate. Consequently we ask whether all future [events] happen of necessity.
175. Consequenter quaeritur utrum ad negativam de praedicato finito sequatur affirmativa de praedicato infinito Consequently we ask whether the infinite predicate follows from the finite negative.
177. Consequenter quaeritur utrum ista enunciatio sit plures homo albus currit ... Consequently we ask whether the assertion 'a white man runs' is several.
178. (19) Consequenter quaeritur Utrum sequatur homo mortuus ergo homo Consequently we ask whether 'a dead man, therefore a man' is valid.
179. Consequenter quaeritur utrum ad sumendum contradictionem in propositionibus modalibus negatio debeat ferri ad verbum aut ad modum ... Utrum sequatur possibile est esse, ergo non necesse est esse Consequently we ask whether for taking a contradiction in modal propositions, negation should be taken to the verb, or the mode. Whether 'it is possible to be, therefore it is not necessary for it to be' is valid.
180. Consequenter quaeritur utrum sequatur non possibile est esse, ergo impossibile est esse ... Consequently we ask whether 'it is is not possible to be, therefore it is impossible to be' is valid.
181. Consequenter quaeritur utrum quodlibet modus determinans compositionem faciat propositionem modalem Consequently we ask whether any mode that determines composition, makes a modal proposition.
182. Consequenter quaeritur utrum propositiones de contrariis praedicatis sint magis contrariae quam propositiones de contrario modo enunciandi ... Consequently we ask whether propositions about contraries are more contrary than propositions of a contrary mode of assertion.
183. Consequenter quaeritur utrum ista sit vera per se: bonum non est malum Consequently we ask whether 'Good is not evil' is true per se.
183. Kolophon Colophon.
184. Tabula Index





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