Ab impossibili
Absolute
Abstract
Affirmation -
Analysis
Antecedent
Assertion
Attribute. Whatever is affirmed or denied of a
subject.
Categorematic and
Syncategorematic
Categorical (Judgment, &c.)
[Gr. kathgorikoV]:
Categorical Proposition
Category [Gr. kathgoria, an accusation, charge]: Ger.
Kategorie; Fr. catégorie; Ital. categoria. (1) One of
the ten classes of Beings, or of typical forms of speech used to assert Being,
or, finally, of typical judgments regarding Being, as Aristotle distinguished
these ten classes in his table of categories. (2) One of the forms or classes
of conceivable objects, or one of the forms of judgments about objects, or,
finally, one of the fundamental concepts of the understanding, as Kant
classified these fundamental forms, classes, or concepts, in his table of
categories. (3) Any very extensive or fundamentally important class of objects
or of conceptions, especially if this class is distinguished from other
classes, either by the general form or character of the assertions that can be
made about it, or by the general method of thinking that is applicable to its
study. Thus one may say, 'mind and body belong to different categories,'
although both of them would actually fall under the same Aristotelian category of
substance. (4) Popularly, and sometimes in technical usage, category becomes
simply equivalent to the term class or general idea. (5) In post-Kantian
technical usage (e.g. Hegel) the categories are any or all of the fundamental
philosophical conceptions, whether metaphysical, logical, or ethical.
Class. 1. A kind or sort of thing. 2.
All the things of the same kind or sort.
Collective - a predicate
that is affirmed of a plural subject is said to be taken
collectively when it applies to all of the individuals that constitute the
subject together.
Common term
Comprehension
Concept
Concrete
Conjunction
Connotation
Consequent
Contingent
Continuum Literally "what is continuous", form the Latin adjective "continuus" meaning unbroken.
Contradiction
Contradiction (law of)
Copula
Deducando ad inconveniens
Deducens ad absurdum - see deductio ad absurdum
Denial
Definite description
Distinction rationis
Denotation
Derivation
Distributive - a predicate that is affirmed of a plural subject is said to be taken
distributively when it applies to each of the individuals that constitute the
subject separately. This means we can
replace "The A's are B" with "Each A is B".
See collective.
Distribution of terms
Domain.
Enumerative judgment
Equivocation
Excluded middle (law of)
Ex falso quodlibet from a falsehood, whatever you please". One of the properties of material implication.
Existence
Exponible proposition
Expression
Extension
Fallacy
Fourfold scheme of
propositions
General Term (see common term)
Genus
Hypothetical proposition
Idea
Identity
Identity (law of)
Implication
Ipsum quid est - see quidditas
Indefinite description
Individual
Individuation
Infinite
Inherence
In obliquo
In recto
Intension
Interpretation
Judgment
Logical form
Material Implication
Modal proposition
Name
Negation
Necessary proposition
Opposition
Paradox
Particular
Particular proposition - a proposition of the form 'some A is B', in which the predicate is affirmed or
denied of only part of the extension of the subject.
Per accidens
Per impossible
Per se notum - known in itself
Plural reference
Proper name
Predicable - the five
predicables classificy of the various relations in which a predicate may stand
in relation to the subject of a proposition.
For Aristotle (Topics, I c.8) the relation is between one universal and another (e.g. 'rational' and
'man'). Porphry's classification, which was used by the early scholastic philosophers the relation is between a
universal signified by the predicate, and an individual such as Socrates.
This led to the difficulties which gave rise to the controversy between realism and nominalism.
See genus, species, differentia, property, accident.
Predicate
Propter quid - the reason why [something is the case]
Proposition - An indicative sentence, which expresses a judgment (N.B. not what
is expressed by the sentence). The proposition has two terms, Subject and Predicate, of which the predicate is
affirmed or denied of the subject. It is also defined as a verbal expression enunciating a truth or a falsity.
(Categorical vs Conditional Propositions
Quality
Quantifier
Quantity - 1. whether a
proposition is universal or particular.
2. the spatial extension of an object
3. the number of objects in a class.
Quidditas - the whole nature (of a thing)
Quid nominis
Quid rei
Range
Reductio
Reference
Second Intention
Secundum accidens - incidentally
Secundum quid
Sentence
Simpliciter
Singular proposition. A proposition whose subject is a singular term.
Singular term - a term which can be used in the same sense of just one thing.
Species
Statement
Subject
Supposition
Syncategorematic - see Categorematic and Syncategorematic
Synthetic
Term
Thought
Truth
Truth function
Union
Universal quantifier
Universe of discourse - a term introduced in the nineteenth century (probably by De Morgan) to indicate which objects ...
Universal Generalisation
Universal Instantiation
Universal proposition - a
proposition of the form "all A is B", in which the predicate is affirmed or denied of
the whole extension of the subject.
Universal term - a term which can be used in the same sense distributively of many things.
http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/courses/logsys/glossary.htm
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